Important Constitutional Articles for Law Entrance Exams

Written and reviewed by Shubham Jain, BA LL.B., LL.M. · UILS, Panjab University alumnus · founder with 15+ years of teaching · Jury Law Academy, founded in 2016.

Sep 20, 2026

Fundamental rights

• Article 12 — definition of the State
• Article 13 — laws inconsistent with fundamental rights
• Article 14 — equality before law
• Article 15 — prohibition of discrimination
• Article 16 — equality of opportunity in public employment
• Article 19 — freedoms including speech and expression
• Article 20 — protection in respect of conviction
• Article 21 — protection of life and personal liberty
• Article 21A — right to education
• Article 22 — protection against arrest and detention
• Articles 23–24 — against exploitation and child labour
• Articles 25–28 — freedom of religion
• Articles 29–30 — cultural and educational rights of minorities
• Article 32 — constitutional remedies

Directive principles and duties

• Article 39A — equal justice and free legal aid
• Article 44 — uniform civil code
• Article 50 — separation of judiciary from executive
• Article 51A — fundamental duties

Judiciary and institutions

• Article 124 — establishment of the Supreme Court
• Article 136 — special leave to appeal
• Article 141 — law declared by the Supreme Court is binding
• Article 143 — advisory jurisdiction
• Article 214 and 226 — High Courts and their writ jurisdiction

Emergency and amendment

• Article 352 — national emergency
• Article 356 — President's rule
• Article 360 — financial emergency
• Article 368 — power to amend the Constitution

Revision method

Group these by theme, not by number. Attach one judgment or news item to each provision so recall has a hook. Verify text on the official India Code repository.

Related reading

• Landmark judgments for law entrance
• Static legal GK topics
• Current affairs method